Arunachal Pradesh Competitive Exams Preparation 2021

Arunachal Pradesh Competitive Exams Preparation: Arunachal Pradesh General Knowledge: Arunachal Pradesh is also known as the Orchid State of India or the Paradise of the Botanists. The state came into existence on February 20, 1987. The state touches the border of Assam and Nagaland. It is the 14th largest state by an area of 83,743 sq Km/- and 27th by is population. The capital city is Itanagar and the largest city is Itanagar. Total no. of the population of Arunachal Pradesh is 13, 82,611.

Arunachal Pradesh became a full-fledged State on 20th February, 1987. Till 1972, it was known as the North-East Frontier Agency (NEFA). It gained the Union Territory status on 20 January 1972 and renamed as Arunachal Pradesh.

On 15th August 1975 an elected Legislative Assembly was constituted and the first Council of Ministers assumed office. The first general election to the Assembly was held in February 1978.

Administratively, the State is divided into sixteen districts. Capital of the State is Itanagar in Papum Para district. Itanagar is named after Ita fort meaning fort of bricks, built in 14th century AD.

Arunachal Pradesh finds mention in the literature of Kalika Purana and Mahabharata. This place is the Prabhu Mountains of the Puranas.

It was here that sage Parashuram atoned for his sin, sage Vyasa meditated, King Bismaka founded his kingdom and Lord Krishna married his Consort Rukmini.

The widely scattered archaeological remains at different places in Arunachal Pradesh bear testimony to its rich cultural heritage.

Some of the important festivals of the State are: Mopin and Solung of the Adis, Lossar of the Monpas and Boori-boot of the Hill Miris, Sherdukpens, Dree of the Apatanis, Si-Donyi of the Tagins, Reh of the ldu-Mishmis, Nyokum of the Nishs, etc. Animal sacrifice is a common ritual in most festivals.

Agriculture is the mainstay of the people of Arunachal Pradesh, and had mainly depended on jhum cultivation. Encouragement is being given to the cultivation of cash crops like potatoes and horticulture crops like apples, oranges and pineapples. Arunachal Pradesh has 330 km of national highway.

Places of tourist interest are: Tawang, Dirang, Bomdila, Tipi, Itanagar Malinithan, Likabali, Pasighat, Along, Tezu, Miao, Roing, Daporijo Namdapha, Bhismaknagar, Parashurarn Kund and Khonsa.

The history of Arunachal Pradesh is the major part of General Knowledge of Arunachal Pradesh for competitive exams. Arunachal Pradesh another popular name is Land of the Rising Sun. History of Arunachal Pradesh is unclear. According to Mahabharata, this is the place where Parashurama washed away sins, King Bhishmaka founded his kingdom and Lord Krishna married Rukhmini. In the 10th Century, King Named Bhirmuko ruled this area. Arunachal Pradesh is the largest of the Seven Sister States of Northeast India. The largest city of Arunachal Pradesh is Itanagar.  Arunachal Pradesh shares its border with Indian states Assam, Nagaland and International border such as Myanmar in the east, Bhutan in the west and China in the north.

S. NoDescriptionAnswer
1.Union Territory21 January 1972
2.State Formation20 February 1987
3.Largest cityItanagar
4.Also Known asThe Orchid State of India, The Land of Rising Sun
5.Ruled ByBhirmuko of the Chutika
6.Major Historical EventsSino-Indian war

1. Introduction of Arunachal Pradesh

Arunachal Pradesh, state of India. It constitutes a mountainous area in the extreme northeastern part of the country and is bordered by the kingdom of Bhutan to the west, the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Myanmar (Burma) and the Indian state of Nagaland to the south and southeast, and the Indian state of Assam to the south and southwest. The capital is of Arunachal Pradesh is Itanagar.

State Animal – Mithun (Bos frontalis)     

State Bird – Hornbill (Buceros bicornis)  

State Flower – Foxtail orchid (Rhynchostylis retusa)        

State Tree – Hollong (Dipterocarpus macrocarpus)

Arunachal Pradesh, meaning “Land of the Rising Sun,” long has been a recognized region of the Indian subcontinent, receiving mention in such ancient Hindu literature as the Kalika-purana and the epic poems Mahabharata and Ramayana. Formerly known as the North East Frontier Agency (from the British colonial era), the area was part of Assam until it was made the Indian union territory of Arunachal Pradesh in 1972, and in 1987 it became an Indian state. The region, however, has been the subject of an ongoing sovereignty dispute between India and China. Area 32,333 square miles (83,743 square km) and Population according to 2011 is – 1,382,611.

100+ Static GK Questions And Answers On Arunachal Pradesh

The highest peak in the state is Kangto, at 7,060 metres (23,160 ft). Nyegi Kangsang, the main Gorichen peak, and the Eastern Gorichen peak are other tall Himalaya peaks. The state’s mountain ranges, in the extreme East of India, are described as “the place where the sun rises” in historical Indian texts and named the Aruna Mountains, which inspired the name of the state. The villages of Dong (more accessible by car, and with a lookout favoured by tourists) and Vijaynagar (on the edge of Myanmar) receive the first sunlight in all of India.

Major rivers of Arunachal Pradesh include the Kameng, Subansiri, Siang (Brahmaputra), Dibang, Lohit and Noa Dihing rivers. Subsurface flows and summer snow melt contribute to the volume of water. Mountains until the Siang River are classified as the Eastern Himalayas. Those between the Siang and Noa Dihing are classified as the Mishmi Hills that may be part of the Hengduan Mountains. Mountains south of the Noa Dihing in Tirap and Longding districts are part of the Patkai Range.

Arunachal’s forests account for one-third of habitat area within the Himalayan biodiversity hot-spot. In 2013, 31,273 km2 (12,075 sq mi) of Arunachal’s forests were identified as part of a vast area of continuous forests (65,730 km2 or 25,380 sq mi, including forests in Myanmar, China and Bhutan) known as Intact forest landscapes. There are two tiger reserves in the state Namdapha Tiger reserve and Pakke Tiger reserve.

Land

Relief

Most of Arunachal Pradesh’s terrain consists of deep valleys flanked by highland plateaus and ridges that rise to the peaks of the Great Himalayas. The state encompasses three broad physiographic regions. Farthest south is a series of foothills, similar in type to the Siwalik Range (a narrow sub-Himalayan belt stretching across much of northern India), that ascend from the Assam plains to elevations of 1,000 to 3,300 feet (300 to 1,000 metres). Those hills rise rapidly northward to the Lesser Himalayas, where some ridges and spurs reach 10,000 feet (3,000 metres). Farther north, along the Tibetan border, lie the main ranges of the Great Himalayas, where Kangto, the highest peak in the state, dominates the landscape, reaching about 23,260 feet (7,090 metres).

Drainage and soils

The major rivers of the state are the Brahmaputra and its tributaries—the Dibang [Sikang], Lohit, Subansiri, Kameng, and Tirap. The Brahmaputra (known as the Tsangpo in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China and as the Dihang [Siang] in Arunachal Pradesh) flows eastward from Manasarovar Lake in Tibet before dipping south through the Himalayas into north-central Arunachal Pradesh. The river then winds its way southward across the length of the state, cutting a narrow, steep-sided gorge into the mountainous terrain. The Brahmaputra finally emerges onto the northern edge of the Assam plains—a finger of which extends into southeastern Arunachal Pradesh—near the town of Pasighat. It is joined by the Dibang and the Lohit rivers a short distance beyond Pasighat, just south of the border between Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. West of the Brahmaputra, the Subansiri is the only tributary to cross the main Himalayan ranges. The Kameng and other rivers in the area rise on the southern flanks of the mountains. The Tirap River drains the southeastern part of the state.

Soils vary considerably with terrain. Generally, however, they are acidic and, in mountainous areas, subject to erosion. The major soil types are Inceptisols, Entisols, and Ultisols. River valleys are characterized by rich alluvial soils that are highly suited for agriculture.

Climate

The climate of Arunachal Pradesh varies with topography and elevation. The foothill zone is subtropical and has a hot and humid climate; in the lower valleys, summer temperatures in June, July, and August typically rise into the mid-90s F (mid-30s C), while winter high temperatures in December, January, and February usually reach the mid-50s F (about 13 °C). Average temperatures decrease as elevations increase in the mountains.

Precipitation in the state generally follows the wet-dry monsoon pattern and annual totals average about 130 inches (3,300 mm), falling mostly between April and September during the wet southwest monsoon. In the centre of the state, however, the precipitation figure approaches 160 inches (4,100 mm) or higher per year.

Plant and animal life

Arunachal Pradesh’s diverse terrain, climate, and soils are reflected in its fauna and flora. About two-thirds of the state is forested, with a wide belt of swampy rainforest lying along the foothills. Forests of tropical evergreens and subtropical pines (as well as subtropical mixed broad-leaved and pine forests) are found in lower elevations. As elevation increases, the woodlands give way to mixed and coniferous temperate forests. Subalpine and alpine vegetation, with rhododendrons predominating, appears on the higher slopes. A great variety of medicinal plants, including ginseng and yew, also grow in Arunachal Pradesh, and they are used by much of the population for the treatment and cure of various ailments.

Animal life includes tigers, clouded and snow leopards, elephants, wild buffalo, serow and goral goats, many species of deer, and primates such as hoolock gibbons, slow lorises, macaques, and capped langurs. Animals found at higher elevations include bharals (wild sheep), black bears, and red pandas. The rare musk deer and takin (Budorcas taxicolor) also are found in the state. Moreover, Arunachal Pradesh has an abundance of fish, many varieties of snakes, and hundreds of species of birds.

People of Arunachal Pradesh

Arunachal Pradesh is home to dozens of distinct ethnic groups, most of which are in some ways related to the peoples of Tibet and the hill region of western Myanmar. More than two-thirds of the state’s people are designated officially as Scheduled Tribes, a term that generally applies to indigenous peoples who fall outside of the prevailing Indian social structure. In western Arunachal Pradesh the Nissi (Nishi or Dafla), Sherdukpen, Aka, Monpa, Apa Tani, and Hill Miri are among the main tribes. The Adi, who constitute the largest tribal group in the state, live in the central region. The Mishmi inhabit the northeastern hills, and the Wancho, Nocte, and Tangsa are concentrated in the southeastern district of Tirap. Throughout the state, the tribal peoples generally share similar rural lifestyles and occupations; many are subsistence farmers who supplement their diet by hunting, fishing, and gathering forest products. Dispersed villages and isolated farmsteads are typical features of the landscape. Aside from the Scheduled Tribes, much of the remainder of the population of Arunachal Pradesh consists of immigrants from Bangladesh, as well as from Assam, Nagaland, and other states of India.

The tribal groups speak about 50 languages and dialects, most belonging to the Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. They are often mutually unintelligible; thus, Assamese and Hindi, both of which are Indo-Aryan languages, as well as English are used as lingua francas in the region. Each of the tribes follows its own social, cultural, and religious practices, and most are endogamous (marrying within the group). Many of the groups practice local religions that involve interaction with various spirits and deities of nature. Ritual sacrifice is common, and a domesticated gaur (wild ox), locally known as a mithun, is especially valued as a sacrificial animal. Some residents of Arunachal Pradesh practice Hinduism, especially those near the lowlands approaching the border with Assam. Tibetan Buddhism is found among groups near the Tibetan border, and some tribes along the Myanmar border practice Theravada Buddhism, which is predominant in Southeast Asia.

Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density of any state in India. Most of the populace is concentrated in the low-lying valleys, with the hill peoples living in scattered upland communities. There are no cities and fewer than two dozen towns. Itanagar, in the southwest of Arunachal Pradesh, is the state’s largest town.

Agriculture and forestry

More than half of the population of Arunachal Pradesh is engaged in agriculture, but only a tiny portion of the land is under cultivation. Although settled agriculture, including wet-rice farming, has expanded considerably since the late 20th century, many of the hill peoples continue to practice shifting agriculture (jhum), whereby land is cleared by burning the vegetation, is cultivated for several years, and then is abandoned in favour of another site when the productivity of the soil declines. Rice, corn (maize), millet, and buckwheat are among the chief crops grown by that method. Major commercial crops include oilseeds, potatoes, ginger, sugarcane, and vegetables.

Mithuns are widely kept, and yaks are important in the higher elevations. The Monpa herd sheep. Some groups also raise fish through aquaculture.

Arunachal Pradesh, with its abundance of forest cover, once derived a significant portion of its gross state product from logging and forestry. Production has dropped dramatically since the 1970s, however, largely in response to environmental legislation. In the early 21st century, forestry supported just a few local industries of small or moderate size.

Resources and power

Arunachal Pradesh has significant, though largely unutilized, resource potential. Among its resources for generating energy are rivers, coal, and petroleum; most of the state’s power is provided by hydroelectric plants. In addition to hydrocarbons, other mineral resources of Arunachal Pradesh include dolomite, quartzite, limestone, and marble. Efforts have been made in the early 21st century to expand hydroelectric and solar power generation.

Manufacturing

The state’s manufacturing sector consists primarily of medium- and small-scale industries. Basketry, weaving, and carpets are the main handicraft manufactures. Smaller-scale industries include rice and vegetable-oil milling, fruit processing, the manufacture of forest-based products, and steel fabrication. Sericulture (raw silk production) also is important, and the state produces many varieties of silk yarns. Industrial expansion has been encouraged by the state’s economic development policies, and industrial estates have been established at Itanagar and neighbouring Naharlagun (formerly Old Itanagar), as well as at Pasighat and Deomali.

Transportation and telecommunications

The state’s rugged terrain makes transport and communications extremely difficult. With few paved roads and, for a long time, no railways in Arunachal Pradesh, links with the rest of India are limited. However, there long has been an active trade network within the region, with footpaths connecting villages at different elevations.

Most of the major transportation centres serving Arunachal Pradesh are in the neighbouring state of Assam; among those are the nearest airport, near Lilabari, and the nearest railhead is in Harmoti (or Harmuty). However, in 2014 a rail line was opened between Harmoti and Naharlagun. State-owned and private companies operate regular bus service from Itanagar to various towns of Assam, including Guwahati, Tezpur, Dibrugarh, Tinsukia, and Jorhat. Service also is available to Shillong in Meghalaya.

Telecommunications were long largely undeveloped in the state, with landline telephone service limited mainly to the larger towns. Although basic telephone access has improved since 2000, greater progress has been made in expanding mobile telephone service into remote mountain areas. Internet access, although still fairly limited, has also increased in the early 21st century, including the installation of fibre-optic cables.

Government and society

Constitutional framework

Arunachal Pradesh is a constituent unit of the Republic of India, and, as such, the structure of its government, like that of most Indian states, is defined by the national constitution of 1950. The governor, appointed by India’s president, is head of state and is aided by an elected chief minister, a Council of Ministers, and a unicameral Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha).

At the local level, the state comprises more than one dozen districts. In general, those districts are parceled into a number of subdivisions, which encompass several blocks, towns, circles, and villages. Villages are the smallest administrative units.

Arunachal Pradesh does not have its own high court. Rather, the state falls under the jurisdiction of the high court in Guwahati, Assam. To handle cases from Arunachal Pradesh more effectively, however, a permanent bench of the Guwahati High Court has been established at Itanagar, with a chief justice appointed by the chief justice in Assam. Any case from Arunachal Pradesh may be referred to Guwahati, should the chief justice in Itanagar deem it necessary.

Health and welfare

In addition to the few general hospitals spread among the larger towns of Arunachal Pradesh, nearly every district has its own hospital. In more remote areas, health services are provided by community health centres and subcentres. Separate facilities specialize in homeopathic medicine. Although the rural character of Arunachal Pradesh has remained an obstacle to the growth of the state’s hospital and health care network, the expansion of public water works and the extension of electricity to the villages have helped to improve rural health. By the early 21st century, roughly four-fifths of the villages had a drinking water supply and about two-fifths were electrified.

Malaria, dengue fever, and tuberculosis are among the major health threats to the population of Arunachal Pradesh. The state government has participated in the country’s leprosy eradication program, as well as in national programs to control vector-borne diseases (e.g., malaria, dengue fever, and Japanese encephalitis). Tuberculosis has remained a major concern in the state, with hospital facilities specifically designated as tuberculosis treatment centres.

Education

Despite the presence of numerous primary, middle, and secondary schools, the literacy rate in Arunachal Pradesh continued to rank among the lowest in India in the early 21st century. There are a number of postsecondary institutions, including Arunachal University at Itanagar, which was founded in 1984. The state also has specialized colleges focusing on such fields as education, engineering, industry, and forestry and agriculture.

Cultural life

Tribal peoples in Arunachal Pradesh wear distinctive garments and headdress. The art of weaving is especially important, and textile designs are unique to each group. Dances are an integral part of community life. Losar, Mopin, and Solung are major tribal festivals. At such festivals, villagers often drink millet or rice beer, as well as tea.

Cultural institutions

Arunachal Pradesh has an array of notable cultural institutions, which together underscore the state’s religious and cultural diversity. The state museum, which houses an ethnographic collection consisting of local archaeological finds, musical instruments, weavings, carvings, and other examples of material culture, is located in the capital, Itanagar. Also in Itanagar are the governor’s residence and a picturesque Buddhist temple, each crowning one of the city’s two prominent peaks. A Christian revival church and temples dedicated to the Hindu deities of Kali and Shiva are located in nearby Naharlagun. Bomdila, in the snow-clad Himalayan ranges of the state’s western segment, has many Buddhist monasteries and hermitages, while Tawang, in the far-northwestern extremity of Arunachal Pradesh, is famous for its 17th-century Mahayana Buddhist monastery with gold-lettered Buddhist scriptures. Parasuramkund, on the Lohit River in the state’s eastern region, is a place of Hindu pilgrimage where sins can be washed away in the local waters. Malinithan, in central Arunachal Pradesh, is an archaeological site and also a place of great sanctity.

Recreation

Arunachal Pradesh offers numerous parks, gardens, wildlife sanctuaries, and other natural settings for outdoor recreation. Bhalukpung and Tipi, both in the southwest, and Bomdila all are noted for their abundant flora, especially orchids. Namdapha National Park, near Dibrugarh on the south-central border, has a wildlife sanctuary inhabited by tigers and leopards. In Naharlagun the botanical garden at Polo Park sits atop a ridge overlooking the town. Other places valued for their unique scenery and natural environment are Ziro, set in a levelled valley of west-central Arunachal Pradesh and covered on all sides by pine-clad, stooping hills, and Ganga Lake just outside of Itanagar.

History of Arunachal Pradesh

In 1912–13 the British Indian government made agreements with the indigenous peoples of the Himalayas of northeastern India to set up the Balipara frontier tract in the west, the Sadiya frontier tract in the east, and the Abor and Mishmi hills and the Tirap frontier tract in the south. Together those tracts became the North East Frontier Agency, which is now Arunachal Pradesh. The northern boundary of the territory (now of the state) determined at that time became known as the McMahon Line; it is about 550 miles (885 km) long and has been a lasting point of contention between India and China.

Over 1.5 million residents of Arunachal Pradesh belong to the five Tani tribes (Nyishi, Adi, Galo, Apatani, Tagin) supposedly descended from Abotani. The history of the Tani people is found in the ancient libraries of Tibet as the Tani people traded swords and other metals to Tibetans in exchange for meat and wool. Tibetans referred to the Tani people as the Lhobhas; lho means south and bha means people.[22] Apart from these groups, other Tibeto-Burman groups Mishmis, Chutias, Nocte, Tangsa and Wancho also occupied different regions of the state.

Northwestern parts of this area came under the control of the Monpa kingdom of Monyul, which flourished between 500 BCE and 600 CE. The Monpa and Sherdukpen keep historical records of the existence of local chiefdoms in the northwest as well. The remaining parts of the state, especially the foothills and the plains, were under the control of the Sutia kings of Assam.

Recent excavations of ruins of Hindu temples, such as the 14th-century Malinithan at the foot of the Siang hills in West Siang, indicate they were built during the Sutia reign. Another notable heritage site, Bhismaknagar (built in the 8th century), has led to suggestions that the Chutia people had an advanced culture and administration. The third heritage site, the 400-year-old Tawang Monastery in the extreme north-west of the state, provides some historical evidence of the Buddhist tribal people. The sixth Dalai Lama Tsangyang Gyatso was born in Tawang.

The boundary takes its name from Sir Henry McMahon, secretary in the Indian foreign department and representative of Great Britain at the conference held in 1912–13 in Simla (now called Shimla, in the state of Himachal Pradesh) to settle frontier and other matters relating to Tibet. To the British, the line marked the geographic, ethnic, and administrative boundary between the two regions, and delegates from Great Britain, China, and Tibet agreed that the frontier between Tibet and northeastern India indeed should follow the crest of the high Himalayas. Two days later, however, the Chinese republican government disavowed its delegate and refused to sign a convention.

After the independence of India in 1947, China made claims to practically the whole upland area of what was then Assam state, arguing that the McMahon Line had never been accepted by China and was the result of British aggression. In letters to the Indian prime minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, the Chinese prime minister, Zhou Enlai, quoted a map in the 1929 edition of Encyclopædia Britannica showing the disputed territory as Chinese, with the boundary following the alignment of Chinese maps. Some Chinese maps before 1935 showed the North East Frontier Agency (i.e., Arunachal Pradesh) as part of India and since then as part of Tibet. The Survey of India (1883) depicted the disputed tribal areas as de facto administered by British India. British and Indian maps since 1914 have usually followed the McMahon Line. If the Chinese claims were allowed, the Indian-Chinese border would follow roughly the margin of the Assam plain, a frontier almost impossible to defend. Following that dispute, Chinese troops crossed the McMahon Line on August 26, 1959, and captured an Indian outpost at Longju, a short distance south of the line. They abandoned that outpost in 1961, but in October 1962 they again crossed the line, this time in force. After first striking toward the Tanglha ridge and Tawang near the border with Bhutan, the Chinese later extended their attack along the whole frontier. Deep inroads were made at a number of points. Later the Chinese agreed to withdraw approximately to the McMahon Line, and in 1963 they returned Indian troops who had been held as prisoners of war.

Since then, efforts have been made to more fully integrate the region into India, beginning with its designation as a union territory in 1972 and then as a state 15 years later. Economic growth, though slow, has progressed, notably with the development of some of the state’s vast hydroelectric potential. Efforts have been made to improve Arunachal’s infrastructure, including extending roads into some remote areas, building the state’s first rail line, and expanding access to electricity, drinking water, and telecommunications facilities in tribal villages. However, some of those efforts have raised calls for concern among environmentalists and others who wish to preserve the natural landscape.

There have been no instances of outright hostilities between India and China in Arunachal Pradesh since 1962, but tensions have remained high there. Each country has maintained troops along the de facto international border, and there have been periodic reports of incursions by both sides. The territory and then state government has largely been controlled by the Indian National Congress, although there have been brief periods of rule by the central government.

Purvanchal

Purvachal, also called Eastern Highlands, mountain ranges in eastern India. They extend over an area of about 37,900 square miles (98,000 square km) in Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, and eastern Assam states. The Patkai and other associated mountain ranges (including the Mishmi, Naga, Manipur, Tripura, and Mizo hills) that run through this region are referred to collectively as Purvachal (purva, “east,” and achal, “mountain”). The area is bounded by Bangladesh to the southwest, Myanmar (Burma) to the southeast, and China to the northeast. The Hindu epic the Mahabharata has several references to the region. The Purvachal was ruled by the Ahoms from the beginning of the 13th century. It was occupied by the British in the last quarter of the 19th century.

Geologically, the region is unstable; it is crisscrossed by several faults. Its north–south-aligned hill ranges are defined by narrow parallel valleys tending toward the west. The highest peak in the region is Mount Dapha (in Arunachal Pradesh), with an elevation of 15,020 feet (4,578 metres). The major rivers are the Lohit, Burhi Dihang, Diyung, Kusiyara, Gumti, Kaladan, Manipur, Tixu, Nantaleik, and Naurya. The vegetation is diverse, ranging from tropical evergreen to temperate evergreen and coniferous, and includes species of oak, chestnut, birch, magnolia, cherry, maple, laurel, and fig; there are also extensive bamboo thickets.

Rice, millet, corn (maize), pulses (legumes), sesame, rapeseed, mustard, sugarcane, potatoes, barley, wheat, and cassava (manioc) are grown using traditional implements and shifting cultivation. Poultry farming and livestock raising are also important. Industry, mainly cottage and small-scale, produces woven textiles, baskets, wooden utensils, bows and arrows, traps, sleeping benches, sugar, paper, metalware, traditional embroidered clothing, bricks, tiles, soap, hosiery, and preserved fruit. Mineral resources include lime, lignite, coal, iron ore, copper ore, rock salt, clay, and ochre. The Nocte, Wancho, Tangsa, Naga, Kuki, Mizo, Lakher, Chakma, and Panei ethnic groups constitute most of the population. The North East Frontier Railway passes through only part of the region, but the National Highway has been expanded to reach several towns, including Agartala, Imphal, and Kohima. The main cities in the region are linked by air.

Districts of Arunachal

AnjawChanglangDibang Valley
East KamengEast SiangKamle
Kra DaadiKurung KumeyLepa Rada
LohitLongdingLower Dibang Valley
Lower SiangLower SubansiriNamsai – Pakke Kessang
Papum PareShi YomiSiang
TawangTirapUpper Siang
Upper SubansiriWest KamengWest Siang


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