General Science – Biology MCQs | Biology Objective (Multiple Choice) General Knowledge & General Science Questions & Answers for SSC-CGL, UPPSC, UPSC, NDA, CDS and UPSC Civil Services Prelims Examinations.
Read More: History Question Bank For UPSC | State PSC| Civil Services Preliminary Examination
General Science – Biology MCQs
GENERAL STUDIES OBJECTIVE GK & GS [UPSC/STATES/ SSC] & CURRENT AFFAIRS MCQS: Welcome to MYUPSC. MYUPSC is India’s top website for GK (General Knowledge), General Studies, Current Affairs and Aptitude for UPSC, STATE PSC, SSC, Banking / IBPS, IAS, NTSE, CLAT, Railways, NDA, CDS, Judiciary, UPPSC, RPSC, GPSC, MPSC, MPPSC, CGPSC, MPSC, APSC, APPSC, TPSC, TNPSC, KPSC and other states civil services / government job recruitment examinations of India.
Read More: Polity Question Bank For UPSC | State PSC| Civil Services Preliminary Examination
General Science – Biology Quiz Multiple Choice Questions
General Science – Biology- General Knowledge Questions is one of the basic topics asked in each & every exams. Basic General Knowledge will help you in scoring good marks in all the competitive exams. Taking GK Quiz every month will be helpful. So, read the General Knowledge questions and answers and increase your Gk Quotient. The General Knowledge MCQs on current affairs will help you get good scores in UPSC, SSC or any other exams.
Read More: NCERT General Studies Compilations For Civil Services Examination 2023 Pdf Download
General Science – Biology Multiple Choice Questions
1.What are the two categories of cell which nervous system is made up of__?
[A] Satellite cell and Boettcher cell
[B] neurons and glial cells
[C] Gastric chief cell, Parietal cell
[D] Tendon cell and Macula densa cell
Answer: B [neurons and glial cells]
Notes:
The Nervous system is made up of two types of cells: Glia, which regulate homeostasis, providing support and protection to the function of neurons and Neurons, which transmit signals between them and from one part of the body to another.
2.Change in genetic composition of a population is called as?
[A] extinction
[B] evolution
[C] endemic
[D] vicariance
Answer: B [evolution]
Notes:
Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. The theory of evolution is based on the idea that all species are related and gradually change over time.
3.Which among the following is correct ?
[A] Caffeine which is a diuretic is a constituent of coffee but not found in tea
[B] Vitamin C which is also called ascorbic acid can be replaced with citric acid in our food
[C] Citric acid is used in Cola drinks
[D] All are wrong statements
Answer: B [Vitamin C which is also called ascorbic acid can be replaced with citric acid in our food]
Notes:
Vitamin C which is also called ascorbic acid can be replaced with citric acid. Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin which is found in many foods, particularly fruits and vegetables. It is a potent antioxidant, and has a positive effects on skin health and immune function.
4.Which among the following is largest animal Phylum?
[A] Mollusca
[B] Arthropoda
[C] Mammalia
[D] Annelida
Answer: B [Arthropoda]
Notes:
An arthropod is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages. It is considered as the largest phylum in the animal kingdom with an estimated 85 percent of known species included in this phylum.
5.Bowman’s Capsule’ works as a part of the functional unit of which among the following human physiological system?
[A] Circulatory System
[B] Respiratory System
[C] Excretory System
[D] Reproductive System
Answer: C [Excretory System]
Notes:
Bowman’s Capsule is related to the process of ‘Ultrafiltration’ in the functional units of kidneys called ‘nephrons’.Therefore, it is a part of the excretory system.
Read More: World Geography Question Bank For UPSC | State PSC| Civil Services Preliminary Examination
6.Splanchnology is a branch of biology dealing with __?
[A] Study of visceral organs
[B] Study of species
[C] Study of bony joints and ligaments
[D] Study of forget including buccal cavity and stomach
Answer: A [Study of visceral organs]
Notes:
Splanchnology is the study of the visceral organs, i.e. digestive, urinary, reproductive and respiratory systems.
7.Who is the father of Genetics?
[A] Gregor Mendel
[B] Thomas Hunt Morgan
[C] Francis Galton
[D] Krateuas
Answer: A [Gregor Mendel]
Notes:
Gregor Mendel was a botanist, educator and Augustinian bishop who was the first to lay the mathematical foundations of the science of genetics, which came to be known as Mendelism.
8.Who among the following was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1926 for his contribution to cancer research?
[A] Christiaan Eijkman
[B] Johannes Fibiger
[C] Julius Wagner-Jauregg
[D] Charles-Jules-Henri Nicolle
Answer: B [Johannes Fibiger]
Notes:
Johannes Fibiger was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1926 for his contribution to cancer research.
9.Which of the following structures is responsible for the motility of bacteria?
[A] pilli
[B] flagella
[C] sheath
[D] capsules
Answer: B [flagella]
Notes:
Flagella is responsible for the motility of bacteria. The flagellum is primarily a motility organ. This enables movement and chemotaxis.
10.Iodine is obtained from which of the following members?
[A] Green algae
[B] Brown algae
[C] Red algae
[D] Blue green algae
Answer: B [Brown algae]
Notes:
Kelp such as Fucus and Laminaria are rich sources of iodine. They are members of the Phaeophyceae brown algae.
Read More: Indian Geography Question Bank For UPSC | State PSC | Civil Services Preliminary Examination
11.Angiosperms are the main plant because__?
[A] Domestication by man
[B] Power of adapting in diverse habitats
[C] Self-pollination property
[D] Property of producing a large number of seeds
Answer: B [Power of adapting in diverse habitats]
Notes:
Angiosperms are plants that produce flowers. They hold their seeds in the fruits. They are the largest and most diverse group within the Plantae kingdom, with approximately 300,000 species.
12.Which bacteria do not have a cell wall and are therefore resistant to penicillin?
[A] Cyanobacteria
[B] Mycoplasmas
[C] Bdellovibrios
[D] Spirochetes
Answer: B [Mycoplasmas]
Notes:
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that do not have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane.
13.Pyrenoids are the center of the formation of__?
[A] Enzymes
[B] Proteins
[C] Fats
[D] Starch
Answer: D [Starch]
Notes:
Pyrenoids are the center of the formation of Starch. Pyrenoids are non-membrane-bound organelles found in the chloroplasts of algae and hornwort plants. It can be seen by light-microscopy.
14.Which of the following group is used to represent disease-related fungi?
[A] Penicillium
[B] Truffles, mushrooms and morels
[C] Smuts, rusts and moulds
[D] All of the above
Answer: C [Smuts, rusts and moulds]
Notes:
Smuts, rusts, and molds groups is used to represent disease-related fungi.
Read More: Economy Question Bank For UPSC | State PSC | Civil Services Preliminary Examination
15.Which is the last stage of gametophytic generation?
[A] Gametes
[B] Zygote
[C] Spore mother cells
[D] Spores
Answer: A [Gametes]
Notes:
Gametes are the last stage of gametophytic generation. Gametes can be described as the sex cells of plants.
16.What makes the main difference between pteridophytes and bryophytes?
[A] Spermatozoids
[B] Archegonia
[C] Separate gametophytes
[D] conducting system
Answer: D [conducting system]
Notes:
The main difference between bryophytes and pteridophytes is that the former do not have vascular tissue whereas the latter have vascular tissue.
17.What are the characteristics of sexual reproduction?
[A] Two parents are involved
[B] Gamete formation and fertilization take place
[C] The whole process is slow and lengthy
[D] All of the above
Answer: D [All of the above]
Notes:
The characteristics of sexual reproduction are: Two parents are involved, Gamete formation and fertilization take place, the process is slow and lengthy and offspring are different from parents, genetically and physically.
18.Which of the following supports the upper part of the plant and acts as a transport system for nutrients, water, sugar, and starch?
[A] Stems
[B] Roots
[C] Leaves
[D] Flowers
Answer: A [Stems]
Notes:
Stems support the upper part of the plant and act as a transport system for nutrients, water, sugar, and starch.
19.What is known as the exclusion of plant diseases by legislation?
[A] Disease resistance
[B] Plant quarantine
[C] Biological control of plant
[D] Cultural control
Answer: B [Plant quarantine]
Notes:
Plant quarantine is defined as the legal enforcement of those measures. These are intended to prevent the spread of pests or to prevent further spread if they have already gained entry and are established in newly restricted areas.
20.Long smut of sorghum is caused by__.
[A] Sphacelotheca cruenta
[B] Sphacelotheca reiliana
[C] Sphacelotheca sorghi
[D] tolyposporium ehrenbergii
Answer: C [Sphacelotheca sorghi]
Notes:
The long smut of sorghum is caused by Sphacelotheca sorghi. It occurs in most regions where sorghum is grown.
21.Haematuria is a disorder involving __
[A] Loss of haemoglobin in R.B.C.
[B] The loss of blood through the urine
[C] The increase in concentration blood urea
[D] Loss of glucose in urine
Answer: B [The loss of blood through the urine]
Notes:
Haematuria is a disorder involving the loss of blood through the urine.
22.The adrenal cortex secretes all except __
[A] Androgenic steroid
[B] Cortisol
[C] Relaxin
[D] Aldosterone
Answer: C [Relaxin]
Notes:
The adrenal cortex secretes all except Relaxin. Relaxin is produced primarily by the corpus luteum.
Read More: Environment and Ecology Question Bank For UPSC | State PSC | Civil Services Preliminary Examination
23.Where does the fertilization of the egg take place with the sperm?
[A] Ovaries
[B] Fallopian tubes
[C] Uterus
[D] Vagina
Answer: B [Fallopian tubes]
Notes:
The fertilization of the egg with the sperm occurs in the fallopian tube.
24.Lassa and Ebola are emergent viruses in W. Africa. What is their origin?
[A] Humans
[B] Primates
[C] Fruit bats
[D] Pigs
Answer: C [Fruit bats]
Notes:
Lassa and Ebola are emergent viruses in W. Africa originated by Fruit bats. Ebola hemorrhagic fever is caused by Ebola virus infection.
25.Which of the following is a product of biotechnology?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Skin
[C] Vaccine
[D] Plants
Answer: C [Vaccine]
Notes:
The vaccine is a product of biotechnology. Vaccines prepare the immune system to recognize and attack invaders or antigens.
26.How many approaches are there in order to clone the complete genome?
[A] 1
[B] 2
[C] 3
[D] 4
Answer: B [2]
Notes:
There are basically two approaches to cloning the entire genome. In the first approach, systematic cloning is performed and the second approach is based on randomly cloning overlapping fragments.
27.Which of the following causes Black Fever?
[A] Leischmania
[B] E.Coli
[C] Azatobactor
[D] Clostridium
Answer: A [Leischmania]
Notes:
Kala-azar is a parasitic disease that is confined to humans which is caused by the Leishmania donovani parasite. It is harboured by an insect called the sand-fly. The term “kala-azar” comes from India where it is the Hindi for black fever. The name “Leischmania donovani” honors two men: the British pathologist William Boog Leishman who in 1903 wrote about the protozoa that causes kalaazar and the researcher C. Donovan, who made the same discovery independently the same year.
28.Chicken Pox is caused by which micro-organism?
[A] Virus
[B] Bacteria
[C] Protozoa
[D] Fungus
Answer: A [Virus]
Notes:
Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly contagious infection caused by the varicella zoster virus. The disease results in a characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters, which eventually scab over. It is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person.
29.Preserved traces of living organisms retained in the form of impressions of the body parts in the soil are called ____:
[A] Specimen
[B] Phylogeny
[C] Fossils
[D] Antique
Answer: C [Fossils]
Notes:
A fossil is the naturally preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the geologic past. There are two main types of fossils; body and trace. Body fossils include the remains of organisms that were once living, and trace fossils are the signs that organisms were present (i.e. footprints, tracks, trails, and burrows).
Read More: General Science Question Bank For UPSC | State PSC | Civil Services Preliminary Examination
30.Meibomian glands are located in ____:
[A] Eye
[B] Ear
[C] Nose
[D] Skin
Answer: A [Eye]
Notes:
Meibomian glands are the tiny oil glands which line the margin of the eyelids (the edges which touch when the eyelids are closed). These glands secrete oil which coats the surface of our eyes and keeps the water component of our tears away from evaporating (drying out). Together, the water and the oil layer make up the tear film.
31.An eardrum is absent in ____:
[A] Snakes
[B] Toads
[C] Turtles
[D] Tuatara
Answer: A [Snakes]
Notes:
The ear has three main parts: the outer, middle and inner ear. The outer ear consists of the pinna and the auditory canal. The middle ear is filled with air and contains three tiny bones called ossicles – the anvil, hammer and stirrup. The inner ear contains the semicircular canals and the cochlea. Eardrum is the membrane of middle ear. Snakes have fully developed inner ear structures but no eardrum.
32.Which of the following are warm-blooded animals?
[A] Whales
[B] Draco
[C] Alytes
[D] Whale Sharks
Answer: A [Whales]
Notes:
Animals, such as mammals and birds, that maintain a constant body temperature regardless of the temperature of the surroundings are called warm blooded. These include birds and mammals. Whales are aquatic mammals hence, being mammal, they are warm blooded. The have a thick layer of fats called blubber underneath their skin to maintain temperature even in cold water of oceans.
33.Silk worms feed on
____:
[A] Basil leaves
[B] Mulberry leaves
[C] Curry leaves
[D] Rose leaves
Answer: B [Mulberry leaves]
Notes:
Silk worms are the larva of a moth (Bombyx mori) native to Asia that spins a cocoon of fine, strong, lustrous fiber that is the source of commercial silk. Silkworms feed on the leaves of the mulberries (genus- Morus) and sometimes on the Osage orange (Maclura pomifera).
34.Dodo is a bird categorized under ____:
[A] Extinct
[B] Rare
[C] Endangered
[D] Critically endangered
Answer: A [Extinct]
Notes:
The dodo (Raphus cucullatus) is an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius, east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean. Subfossil remains show the dodo was about 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) tall and may have weighed 10.6–17.5 kg (23– 39 lb) in the wild. The closest living relative of the dodo is the Nicobar pigeon.
35.In which part of the body is blood produced?
[A] Bone Marrow
[B] Lungs
[C] Brain
[D] Heart
Answer: A [Bone Marrow]
Notes:
Bone marrow is the spongy tissue inside bones that produces blood cells. Bone marrow produces red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. The process by which blood cells are made is called haemopoiesis.
- Join our Official Telegram Channel HERE for Motivation and Fast Updates
- Subscribe to our YouTube Channel HERE to watch Motivational and New analysis videos
36.Bones are pneumatic in ____:
[A] Birds
[B] Fishes
[C] Reptiles
[D] Amphibians
Answer: A [Birds]
Notes:
Pneumatic bone is hollow bone filled with air, connected to the respiratory system. Many of a bird’s bones are pneumatic as an adaptation to flying. For flight to occur in Aves, four physical forces (thrust and drag, lift and weight) must work together. In order for birds to balance these forces, certain physical characteristics are required. Which most of the flying birds have acquired in one way or other.
37.Which one of the following statements about Pyrolysis, which is a process for solid waste treatment is incorrect?
[A] It converts the waste into solid, liquid and gas of which the resultant liquid and gas can be used to produce energy
[B] The process occurs at a temperature above 430°C at atmospheric pressure
[C] The process occurs under high pressure at temperature above 430° C
[D] It is a thermochemical decomposition of organic waste
Answer: B [The process occurs at a temperature above 430°C at atmospheric pressure]
Notes:
Pyrolysis is a thermo-chemical decomposition of organic material at elevated temperatures in the absence of oxygen (or any halogen). Pyrolysis generally takes place well above atmospheric pressure at temperatures exceeding above 430 °C.
38.Ringworm is a disease caused by _____:
[A] Virus
[B] Flies
[C] Fungi
[D] Bacteria
Answer: C [Fungi]
Notes:
Ringworm, also known as dermatophytosis or tinea, is a fungal infection of the skin or scalp. The name “ringworm” is a misnomer, since the infection is caused by a fungus, not a worm. The infection initially presents with red patches on affected areas of the skin and later spreads to other parts of the body.
39.Which blood group is universal donor?
[A] O+
[B] O–
[C] AB–
[D] AB+
Answer: B [O–]
Notes:
Universal donor is a person who is type O in the ABO blood group system and negative for RhD blood group antigen and can donate blood to all recipients. O- blood type doesn’t have antigen for A or B and Rh antigen on the surface of its RBCs. Because of the absence of Rh factor, O- blood type can be given to patients of either Rh type.
40.In cactus, the spines are the modified ____:
[A] Stem
[B] Buds
[C] Leaves
[D] Stipulse
Answer: C [Leaves]
Notes:
Most cactus morphologists have concluded that cactus spines are modified leaves. They are wholly transformed leaves that protect the plant from herbivores, radiate heat from the stem during the day, and collect and let drip condensed water vapour during the cooler night.
41.The concept of survival of the fittest was first advocated by ____:
[A] Oparin
[B] Spencer
[C] Darwin
[D] Heckel
Answer: C [Darwin]
Notes:
“Survival of the fittest” is a phrase originated in evolutionary theory, as an alternative description of natural selection. Herbert Spencer first used the phrase – after reading Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species – in his Principles of Biology (1864), in which he drew parallels between his own economic theories and Darwin’s biological one. Darwin first used Spencer’s new phrase “survival of the fittest” as a synonym for natural selection in the fifth edition of “On the Origin of Species by natural selection” published in 1869.
42.Who among the following is known as Father of Genetics?
[A] Darwin
[B] Mendel
[C] Lamarck
[D] De Vries
Answer: B [Mendel]
Notes:
Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk who discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his garden, is known as the Father of Genetics. His observations became the foundation of modern genetics and the study of heredity.
43.Insectivorous plants grow in soil deficient in ____:
[A] Calcium
[B] Nitrogen
[C] Water
[D] Magnesium
Answer: B [Nitrogen]
Notes:
Insectivorous plants grow in soil deficient in nitrogen. In general, plants absorb nitrogen and phosphorus from the soil through their roots. Insectivorous plants, however, absorb nitrogen and phosphorus from their animal prey through their leaves specially modified as traps. They trap insects, kill them and then absorb nitrogen from their dead decomposing body.
44.Commercially valued cork is obtained from ____:
[A] Quercusuber
[B] Cycas
[C] Cedrus Deodara
[D] Ficus
Answer: A [Quercusuber]
Notes:
Cork is a prime-subset of bark tissue that is harvested for commercial use primarily from Quercus suber. It is endemic to the Mediterranean region. Cork is composed of suberin, a hydrophobic substance and, because of its impermeable, buoyant, elastic, and fire retardant properties, it is used in a variety of products, such as wine stoppers.
45.Types of vertebrate animals which creep and crawl are called ____:
[A] Reptilians
[B] Mollusks
[C] Amphibians
[D] Mammalians
Answer: A [Reptilians]
Notes:
The types of vertebrate animals which creep and crawl are called reptilians. These include lizards and snakes.
46.Plant tissues are of how many types?
[A] 3
[B] 4
[C] 5
[D] 6
Answer: A [3]
Notes:
Plants have only three tissue types : dermal; ground; and vascular. Dermal tissue covers the outer surface of herbaceous plants and is composed of epidermal cells. The ground tissue, such as Parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma, comprises the bulk of the primary plant body. cells are common in the ground tissue. Vascular tissue such as xylem and phloem transports food, water, hormones and minerals within the plant.
47.Hepatitis is caused by _____:
[A] Parasite
[B] Bacteria
[C] Fungus
[D] Virus
Answer: D [Virus]
Notes:
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. Viruses cause most cases of hepatitis. There are 5 main hepatitis viruses, referred to as types A, B, C, D and E. The type of hepatitis is named for the virus that causes it; for example, hepatitis A, hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Drug or alcohol use can also cause hepatitis.
48.The pollutants which move downward with percolating ground water are called ____:
[A] Pollutants
[B] Leachates
[C] Earthites
[D] Percolates
Answer: B [Leachates]
Notes:
Leachate is any liquid that, in passing through matter, extracts solutes, suspended solids or any other component of the material through which it has passed. In older landfills and those with no membrane between the waste and the underlying geology, leachate is free to egress the waste directly into the groundwater. In such cases high concentrations of leachate was often found in nearby springs wells and flushes.
49.Master copy of genetic information is
____:
[A] Nucleus
[B] r-RNA
[C] m-RNA
[D] DNA
Answer: D [DNA]
Notes:
DNA does not directly control the formation of a polypeptide. However, it forms an intermediate template mRNA molecule, which directs the synthesis of polypeptide. The DNA can be compared to a master copy that is carefully preserved in the nucleus and used for preparing working copies in the form of mRNA molecules.
50.Persea americana is commonly known as ____:
[A] Avocado
[B] Watermelon
[C] Orange
[D] Grapes
Answer: A [Avocado]
Notes:
Persea Americana is the botanical name of avocado. A tree with probable origin in South Central Mexico, it is classified as a member of the flowering plant family Lauraceae. The fruit of the plant, also called an avocado, is botanically a large berry containing a single large seed. Avocados are cultivated in tropical and Mediterranean climates throughout the world.