Geography of Haryana for HPSC and all other competitive exams

Geology of Haryana

Geology is defined as the study of rocks and minerals of the earth with respect to their origin, composition and mode of occurrence. Haryana comprises a variety of rocks belonging to following three different geological domains:

  1. Pre-Cambrian rocks of Aravali Mountains,
  2. Tertiary rocks of Himalayas and
  3. Quaternary deposits of Indo-Gangetic Plains.
  • The Quaternary deposits of Indo-Gangetic plains and the Pre-Cambrian rocks of Aravali Mountains dominate the sub-region.

Geology of Panipat

  • It is entirely covered by old and new alluvium deposits of quaternary to recent age, which consist of clay and sand.
  • Consolidated and un-consolidated sands are also found at places in the district.

Geology of Sonipat

  • The district is almost entirely covered by alluvial deposits of clay, loam, silt and sand brought down by river Yamuna.
  • High grade silica sand left behind by the change in course of the Yamuna River.

Geology of Rohtak

  • District consists of alluvium (recent), loam (Bhangar and Nadrak), and coarse loam (daher and chaeknote).
  • Infact, the district is a part of indo Gangetic alluvial plain, soil ranging from Pleistocene to recent age

Geology of Jhajjar

  • The area forms a part of Dugan ethic plain ranging from Pleistocene to recent in age Aeolian deposits.
  • The sediments comprise of clay, sand and Kankar mixed in different proportions.

Geology of Rewari

  • The purona rocks in Rewari district belong to Ajabgarh series of Delhi system.
  • The hills have been denuded since ages and have a height ranging from 300m to 425m above mean sea level.
  • The hills are mostly steep, bare and rocky.
  • The previously existing old flood plains have been superimposed by Aeolian plains and sand dunes.

Geology of Gurgaon and Mewat

  • Large parts of the district are occupied
  1. By scattered isolated strike ridges of old rocks, former Aravali mountain chain of Pre-Cambrian and
  2. Alluvium, sand of recent to sub-recent origin.

Geology of Faridabad and Palwal

  • Major parts of the district are occupied by alluvial plains of recent to sub-recent age, which include older (Banger) and newer (Khadar) alluvial and kankar.
  • The kankar occurs mainly in the northern part and is poor in calcareous matter

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