Geology of Haryana
Geology is defined as the study of rocks and minerals of the earth with respect to their origin, composition and mode of occurrence. Haryana comprises a variety of rocks belonging to following three different geological domains:
- Pre-Cambrian rocks of Aravali Mountains,
- Tertiary rocks of Himalayas and
- Quaternary deposits of Indo-Gangetic Plains.
- The Quaternary deposits of Indo-Gangetic plains and the Pre-Cambrian rocks of Aravali Mountains dominate the sub-region.
Geology of Panipat
- It is entirely covered by old and new alluvium deposits of quaternary to recent age, which consist of clay and sand.
- Consolidated and un-consolidated sands are also found at places in the district.
Geology of Sonipat
- The district is almost entirely covered by alluvial deposits of clay, loam, silt and sand brought down by river Yamuna.
- High grade silica sand left behind by the change in course of the Yamuna River.
Geology of Rohtak
- District consists of alluvium (recent), loam (Bhangar and Nadrak), and coarse loam (daher and chaeknote).
- Infact, the district is a part of indo Gangetic alluvial plain, soil ranging from Pleistocene to recent age
Geology of Jhajjar
- The area forms a part of Dugan ethic plain ranging from Pleistocene to recent in age Aeolian deposits.
- The sediments comprise of clay, sand and Kankar mixed in different proportions.
Geology of Rewari
- The purona rocks in Rewari district belong to Ajabgarh series of Delhi system.
- The hills have been denuded since ages and have a height ranging from 300m to 425m above mean sea level.
- The hills are mostly steep, bare and rocky.
- The previously existing old flood plains have been superimposed by Aeolian plains and sand dunes.
Geology of Gurgaon and Mewat
- Large parts of the district are occupied
- By scattered isolated strike ridges of old rocks, former Aravali mountain chain of Pre-Cambrian and
- Alluvium, sand of recent to sub-recent origin.
Geology of Faridabad and Palwal
- Major parts of the district are occupied by alluvial plains of recent to sub-recent age, which include older (Banger) and newer (Khadar) alluvial and kankar.
- The kankar occurs mainly in the northern part and is poor in calcareous matter