Modern Indian History

Parsi Reform Movement

1. The Parsi Religious Reform Association was founded at Bombay by Furdoonji Naoroji and S.S. Bengalee in 1851.
2. The Parsi Religious Reform Association was founded at Bombay by Furdoonji Naoroji and S.S. Bengalee in 1851.
3. Naoroji published a monthly journal, Jagat Mithra

Saint Ramalinga

1. Saint Ramalinga was one of the foremost saints of Tamil Nadu in the nineteenth century.
2. His divine powers came to be recognised at the early age of eleven.
3. In 1865 he founded the Samarasa Suddha Sanmargha Sangha for the promotion of his ideals of establishing a casteless society.
4. He composed Tiru Arutpa
5. In 1870 he moved to Mettukuppam, a place three miles away from Vadalur.
6. There he started constructing the Satya Gnana Sabaiin 1872.
7. He introduced the principle that God could be worshipped in the form of Light

Self-Respect Movement and Periyar E.V.R

1. Periyar E.V. Ramaswamy was a great social reformer. In 1921, during the anti-liquor campaign he cut down 1000 coconut trees in his own farm.
2. In 1924, he took an active part in the Vaikom Satyagraha
3. The objective of the Satyagraha was to secure for untouchables the right to use a road near a temple at Vaikom in Kerala.
4. He started the “Self-Respect Movement”. The aims of the ‘Self -Respect Movement’ were to uplift the Dravidians and to expose the Brahminical tyrany and deceptive methods by which they controlled all spheres of Hindu life
5. He denounced the caste system, child marriage and enforced widowhood
6. He himself conducted many marriages without any rituals
7. Such a marriage was known as “Self Respect Marriage.
8. He attacked the laws of Manu, which he called the basis of the entire Hindu social fabric of caste
9. He founded the Tamil journals Kudiarasu, Puratchi and Viduthalai to propagate his ideals
10. On 27th June 1970 by the UNESCO organisation praised and adorned with the title “Socrates of South Asia”