Medieval History of Rajasthan (700 A.D. To 1700 A.D)
Raja Nagbhatta I
- Founder of Bhinmal branch of Pratihar.
- Made triple alliance with Bappa Rawal and Jaisimha to defeat Arabs.
Raja Watsaraj
- First Pratihar king to occupy Kannauj.
- He defeated Dharmapala of Gaud Dynasty and defeated by Dhruva of Rashtrakuta dynasty.
Raja Nagbhatta II
- Occupied Kannauj.
- Defeated Dharmapala in the battle of Mudgagiri.
- Defeated by Govinda of Rashtrakuta.
Raja Mihir Bhoj
- Defeated Devpala of Bengal.
- Arab traveller Suleiman visited his court in 851 A.D.
Raja Yashpal
- Last ruler of this dynasty.
- His rule came to an end due to emerging of Gazni power.
Guhil Dynasty of Mewar
Guhil
- In 566 A.D. Guhil established this dynasty.
- He established independent city Nagda (Udaipur).
Bappa Rawal
- Original Name was Kaalbhoj
- In 734, he defeated Maan Mori and took Chittorgarh under his control and made Nagada his capital.
- At first, started gold coin in Rajasthan.
- He built Eklingji Temple in Udaipur.
Allat (943 A.D. to 953 A.D.)
- Original Name is Alu Rawal
- Built Varah Temple of Ahar.
- Married Hun Princess Hariyadevi.
- Established bureaucracy in Mewar.
Jaitra Singh (1213-1253 A.D.)
- Fought battle of Bhutala and defeated the army of Iltutmish.
- He made Chittor his new capital.
- His reign is called Golden Age of Medieval Mewar.
General Studies of Rajasthan For RPSC Assistant Professor Exam 2023
Ratan Singh (1302-1303 A.D.)
- AllauddinKhilji defeated him and he was killed.
- After his death, his wife Padmavati committed Jauhar.
- This was biggest Saka of Chittor and first Saka of Rajasthan.
- Gora and Badal, two commanders showed courage during the battle.
- In 1540 A.D. Malik Mohammed Jayasi wrote Padmavat in which he mentioned the beauty of Queen Padmavati.
Sisodiya Dynasty of Mewar
Rana Hammir (1326-1364)
- Fought Battle of Sugoli with Mohammad Bin Tughlaq.
- Built the Annapurna Mata Temple of Chittorgarh Fort.
Khetri Singh (1364-82)
- He captured Zafar Khan, Sultan of Gujarat.
- Son of Hammir
Rana Lakha (1382-1421)
- He married Hansa Bai, princess of Marwar.
- His son Rana Choonda took the oath that not to come on the throne. Thus he is also called Bhishmapitamah of Mewar.
Rana Mokul Singh (1421-33)
- He reconstructed Samidheshwar Temple in Chittoor.
- In 1433, he was murdered in Zilwada.
Rana Kumha (1433-68)
- Defeated Mahmud Khilji, Sultan of Malwa, in battle of Sarangpur (Mandalgarh).
- He erected Vijay Stambh (sign of Rajasthan police) after this victory which is 37 meters tall and 10 meter in width having 9 floors.
- It is compared with Qutub Minar.
- Rana Kumbha defeated the joint army of Mahmud Khilji and Qutbuddin of Gujarat in 1456.
- Important fort built by Kumbha- (1) Kumbhalgarh (2) Achalgarh (3) Basantgarh
- Important books written by Kumbha- (1) Rasik Priya (2) Sudha Prabhandh (3) Sangeet Raj (5 part) (6) Sangeet Sudha (7) Kamaraj Ratisaar
- He gave patronage to many scholars in his court. Important are- (a) Mandan (b) Kanh Vyas (c) Ramabai (d) Muni Sundar Suri etc.
- He was a musician as well.
- He was killed by his son Ooda Singh or Udai Singh.
Rana Udai Singh (1468-73)
- He killed his father Rana Kumbha and came to the throne.
- Ramuel, his brother, defeated him and ascended the throne.
Rana Sanga (1508-1528)
- In 1517 and 1519, he fought the battle of Khatoli and Bari respectively with Ibrahim Lodhi and defeated him in both the battles.
- In 1519, he defeated MehmudKhilji in the battle of Gagron.
- In 1527, he was defeated in the battle of Khanwa by Babur.
- The important king who took part in the battle of Khanwa (Maldev- Marwar, Medini Rai- Chanderi, Mahmood Lodhi (small brother of Ibrahim Lodhi)
- He died at Kalpi (M.P.)
Maharana Udai Singh (1537-1572)
- Saved by Panna Dhai in the childhood
- In 1557, fought the battle of Harmada with Haji Khan Pathan who was governor of Ajmer.
- In 1559, he founded Udaipur and constructed Udai Sagar Lake.
- In 1568 Akbar attacked and Jaimal and Fatta was killed
Maharana Pratap (1572-1597)
- In 1576, He fought the battle of Haldighati with Akbar and was defeated by Akbar. Akbar deputed Man Singh against Maharana Pratap.
- Thermopylae of Rajasthan – James Tod
- Kumbhalgarh war (1577, 1578, 1579) between (Sahbaz v/s Pratap)
- His horse’s name was Chetak who was injured in this battle and later died. Chetak’s cremation is in Balicha Village.
- In 1582, he fought Battle of Diver.
- In 1597. He died in Chawand.
Karan Singh (1620-1628)
- He started construction of Jagmandir Palace of Udaipur.
Jagjit Singh I (1628-52)
- He finished the construction of Jagmandir Palace of Udaipur.
- He constructed Jagdish Temple of Udaipur.
Raj Singh (1652-80)
- He protested against Jajiya Tax by Aurangzeb
- Supported Aurangzeb in the fight of Successor
Jai Singh (1680-98)
- He built Jaisamand Lake.
Rathod Dynasty of Marwar
Rao Siyaji
- He founded this dynasty.
- In 1273, he died protecting cows in Bithu village.
Rao Chunda
- The real founder of Rathod dynasty in Mewar.
- He was killed in a battle with Salim Shah of Multan.
Rao Jodha (1438-89)
- He established city Jodhpur.
- He constructed Mehrgarh Fort.
- His 5th son Bika established Bikaner.
Rao Maldeo (1532-1562)
- He killed his father and ascended the throne.
- In 1541, he defeated Jaitasi of Bikaner.
- In 1543, he was defeated by Sher Shah Suri in Battle of Sumail.
Rao Chandra Sen (1562-1565)
- He was defeated by the Mughal but still denied to form an alliance with them.
- He is called Pratap of Marwar.
Raja Udai Singh (1583-1595)
- He established a marital relation with Mughals.
- His daughter Mani Bai was married to Jahangir.
Maharaja Jaswant Singh (1638-1678)
- He wrote BhasaBhusan, Anand Vilas, Prabodh Chandrodaya and AparokshaSidhanta Saar.
Raja Rai Singh (1659-1659)
Maharaja Ajit Singh (1679-1724)
Rathod of Bikaner
Rao Bika (1465-1504)
- In 1465, he established Rathod dynasty in Bikaner region.
- In 1488, established Bikaner.
Rao Naroji (1504-05)
Rao Lunkaran (1505-1526)
Rao Jait Singh (1526-1542)
Rao Kalyan Singh (1542-1571)
Raja Raj Singh I (1571-1611)
- Akbar gave 51 Pargana to him.
- He constructed Junagadh Fort in Bikaner.
- He wrote ‘Rai Singh Mahotsav’.
Maharaja Rao Anup Singh (1669-1698)
- He wrote ‘Anup Vivek’, ‘Kaam Prabodh’,’ ShraddhPrayog Chintamani’, ‘Anupodaya.’
Maharaja Rao Sarup Singh (1698-1700)
Maharaja Sir Rao Sadul Singh (1943-1950)
- He was the last ruler of Bikaner and merged in present Rajasthan state and signed the instrument of accession to the dominion of India.
Prithviraj
- He was feudal of Rana Sanga; therefore, he fought Battle with Babur in the Battle of Khanwa.
Bharamal
- The accepted sovereignty of Akbar.
- The first king of Rajasthan to accept sovereignty and establish a marital relation with Mughal.
Bhagwantdas
- Suppress Mirza revolt in Sarnal Battle. Thus he was given Nagada and Parcham by Akbar as the award.
- His daughter was married to Jahangir.
Maan Singh
- He was made Subedar of Kabul, Bihar and Bengal.
- Established Maanpur city in Bihar
- He established Akbarnagar city in Bengal.
- Began the construction of forts of Amber
- Constructed Radha Govind Temple in Vrindavan
Mirza Raja Jaisingh
- Ruled for the maximum period in Jaipur (46 Years)
- Shah Jahan titled him ‘Mirza Raja’.
- On 11 June 1665, Treaty of Purandar was signed between Shivaji and Jaisingh.
- He constructed Jaigarh Fort in Jaipur.
Sawai Jai Singh
- He saw the reign of seven Mughal Badshah.
- Changed the name of Amber to Islamabad.
- His Purohit was ‘PundarikRatnagar’.
Ishwari Singh
- In 1747, he defeated Madho Singh in the Battle of Rajmahal on the bank of river Banas.
- 1748, he was defeated by Madho Singh in the Battle of Bagru.
- After this defeat, he committed suicide.
Vasudev
- In 551 A.D. he established Chauhan dynasty.
- According to Bijoliya inscription, he constructed Sambhar Lake.
Ajayraj
- In 1113 he established Ajmer city.
- He built Ajmer fort.
Arnoraj
- He constructed Anasagar Lake in Ajmer.
- Also constructed Varah Temple in Pushkar.
Vigraharaj IV
- He took away Delhi from Tomar dynasty.
- He constructed a school later QutubuddinAibak built Dhai Din Ka Jhopda in place of this school.
Prithviraj III
- In 1182, he defeated Chandel ruler Parmarardidev in Battle of Mahoba.
- 1191, he defeated Mohammad Ghori in First Battle of Panipat.
- 1192, he was defeated by Mohammad Ghori in Second Battle of Panipat.
- Moinuddin Chisti came to India during his reign.
- He constructed Pithoragarh near Delhi.
- Kaimash and Bhuvanmalla were his two ministers.
- After the death of Prithviraj III, his son Govindraj established his rule in Ranthambore.
Hammir Dev
- In 1299, he defeated the army of Alauddin Khilji led by Ulugh Khan and Nusrat Khan.
- Nusrat Khan was killed in this battle.
- After that Allauddin Khilji raids the Ranthambore fort with his army and defeats them.
- 1301, first Siege of Ranthambore took place. This was the first Siege of Rajasthan.
- He fought 17 battle in his life in which he only lost the last one.
- Founder of this branch of Chauhan was Kirtipal.
- In inscriptions, Jalore is mentioned as Jabalipur.
- Allauddin Khilji changed the name of Siwana to Khairabad.
- In 1241, Deva Hada defeated Jait Meena and occupied Bundi.
- 1354, Barsingh constructed Taragarh fort of Bundi.
- Rao Surjan constructed Ranchhod Temple in Dwarika.
- Budhhasingh wrote ‘Nehtarang’.
- Maratha interference took place during the reign of Budhhasingh.
- In 1631, Madho Singh founded this state.
- Mukund Singh constructed AbaliMeeni Palace in Kota.
- Bhim singh constructed Sawariyaji Temple in Baran.
- Parmar means Killer of the enemies.
- The founder was Dhumraj but the dynasty begins from Utpalraj.
- In 1031, Vimalshah constructed a wonderful temple of Adinatha in Abu.
- Dharavarsha wrote a drama named ‘Parth-Parakrama-Vyayoga’ and established Prahaladanpur (Palanpur).
- During the reign of Som singh, son of Dharavarsha, Tejpal constructed Neminath Temple in Delwara village.
Brahma temple is situated in:
- Pushkar
- Jaipur
- Pali
- Sirohi
Answer-a
Junagarh fort is in:
- Nagore
- Abu
- Ranthambore
- Bikaner
Answer-d
Match the following:
(A) Dilwara temple (1) Ajmer
(B) Ranakpur temple (2) Mount Abu
(C) Pushkar (3) Udaipur
(D) Jaisamand Lake (4) Pali
Answer code:
- A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
- A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
- A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
- A-3, D-2, C-4, D-1
Answer-c
Which region of Rajasthan has artistic palatial Havelies?
- Dhudand region
- Marwar region
- Alwar
- Shekhawati region
Answer-d
According to Shukra policy how many types of forts are there?
- 3
- 4
- 7
- 9
Answer-d
Who among the following built Mehrangarh Fort?
- Man Singh
- Rai Singh
- Rao Jodha
- Udai Singh
Answer-c
The Jantar Mantar is a collection of architectural astronomical instruments, built by Sawai Jai Singh at five places in India: (1) Jaipur (2) Delhi (3) Ujjain (4) Varanasi (5) Mathura (6) Jodhpur
which is incorrect?
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
Answer-d
Which city is known as “Venice of East”?
- Ajmer
- Udaipur
- Jodhpur
- Jaipur
Answer-b
Ummaid Bhavan Palace is situated in:
- Jodhpur
- Jaipur
- Jaisalmer
- Kota
Answer-a
It was built by Swai Pratap Singh in 1799:
- Jantar Mantar
- Hawa Mahal
- Nahargarh Fort
- Taragarh
Answer-b
Match the forts and their locations. (1) Achalgarh (a) Chittorgarh (2) Jaigarh (b) Abu (3) Rang Mahal (c) Jaipur (4) Padmini Mahal (d) Amber Fort Choose the answer from the options –
- 1 – b; 2 – c; 3 – d; 4 – a
- 1 – a; 2 – b; 3 – c; 4 – d
- 1 – d; 2 – a; 3 – b; 4 – c
- 1 – c; 2 – d; 3 – a; 4 – b
Answer-a
Which of the following forts is known as the Guard of the North Border?
- Mandalgarh
- Bhatner
- Bikaner
- Taragarh
Answer-b
Which of the following was built by Rawal Jaisal Bhati?
- Bikaner fort
- Bhatner fort
- Sonar fort
- Ranthambore
Answer-c
Mandalgarh fort was built by
- Prithvi Raj
- The Chauhans of Shakambhari
- Rao Jodha
- Suraj Mal
Answer-b
Which of the following was captured by Alla-Ud-Din Khalji during the Jalore attack?
- Siwana fort
- Lohagarh fort
- Jaisalmer fort
- Junagarh fort
Answer-a
Consider the following Statements and choose the right answer:
- Maan Mori, of the Maurya dynasty was killed by him.
- He belonged to Guhilot clan.
- Born as Kalbhoj, was the founder of a dynasty, which later comes to rule Mewar.
- Vyaghramukh 2. Nayachandra Suri
- Bappa Rawal 4 Bahar Deo
Answer-3
Consider the following statement and choose the right answer:
- It is an archaeological site in Rajsamand district.
- There are three major rivers in the area which include the Kothari, Banas, and Berach.
- Excavation carried out at the site during 1959-60 by B.B.Lal revealed two mounds labeled as ‘eastern’ and ‘western’ mounds.
- The site is part of Ahar-Banas Chalcolithic culture.
- Balathal 2. Pachamta
- Gilund 4. Ojiyana
Answer-3
Consider the following statement and choose the right answer:
- It is an archaeological site of Ahar-Banas Culture located in Vallabhnagar Tehsil of Rajasthan.
- It is located on banks of Katar River.
- The site was discovered by V. N. Misra during a survey in 1962-63.
- This ancient site was occupied during two cultural periods: the Chalcolithic and the Early Historic.
- Gilund 2. Ahar
- Ojiyana 4. Balathal
Answer-4
Consider the following statement and choose the right answer:
- Recently excavation was carried out at a village in Rajasthan, under a project called the Mewar Plains Archaeological Assessment.
- It belongs to the Ahar-Banas culture in the Mewar region, which was contemporaneous with the early and mature Harappan culture.
- Art facts such as perforated jars, shell bangles, terracotta beads, shells and the semi-precious stone lapis lazuli, different types of pottery and two hearths have been found during excavation.
Choose the Correct:
- Balathal 2. Pachamta
- Gilund 4. Ojiyana
Answer-2
Consider the following statement and choose the right answer:
- This Kingdom played a great part in history of Northern India nearly for 500 years.
- The King Nagabhatt I from this kingdom won Kannauj and established rule over most of Rajasthan.
- The capital of their Kingdom was shreemal, which is old name of Bhinmal in Jalore.
Identify the Kingdom?
- Western Satraps 2. Rajput Kingdom
- Vardhana 4. Gurjara Kingdom
Answer-4
Consider the following statement and choose the right answer:
- These people worshipped Fire and Fire was the main deity of the Sakas and Hunas as per theory of James Todd.
- This theory as put forward by Dr. DP Chatterjee says that it is a mixed race.
- This theory was propounded by Gauri Shankar Ojha and says that those are NOT from the foreign origin and they are descendents of the mythological Khatriya Heroes like Rama.
- This theory comes from the Prithvi of Chandrabhardai. According to this theory, those are the result of Yagya performed by Hrishi Vashistha at “Guru Shikhar” in Mount Abu.
- Origin of Pratiharas 2. Origin of Rajputs
- Origin of Rathores 4. Origin of Chauhans
Answer-2
Arrange these Pratihars Kings as Historical in descending order
- Harichandra 2. Kakka
- Jhota 4. Narabhatta
Choose the correct:
- 1-2-3-4
- 1-3-2-4
- 1-4-3-2
- 1-4-2-3
Answer-C
Who Constructed Harshnath Temple in Sikar?
- Durlabha-raja I
- Govinda-raja I
- Chandra-raja II
- Govindaraja II
Answer-b
Consider the following statement and choose the right answer:
- He captured Multan and occupied whole of Sind in his subsequent expeditions.
- He suffered defeat in the Battle of Kayadara (Gujarat), from ruler of Gujarat, Bhimdev Solanki II.
- He attacked Punjab, and defeated Khusru Malik and added Malik’s empire to his dominions.
- He proceeded towards India through the Khyber Pass and captured a fortress of Bathinda.
- Qutub ud-din-Aibak 2. Mahmud Gazni
- Mohd. Ghori 4 Iltutmish
Answer-3
Sultan Iltumish of Delhi is defeated by Mewar when he invades the region, who is he?
- Padam Singh 2 Jait Singh
- Kumar Singh 4 Mathan Singh
Answer-2
Identify the King to consider following statements:
- He ruled during 1302 – 1303AD
- He was Last Guhilot king to rule.
- 1st Jauhar of Chittor in his reign.
- Ala ud din Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, rallied his forces against Him.
- Padam Singh 2 Jait Singh
- Ratan Singh 4 Samar Singh
Answer-3
Consider the following statement and choose the right answer:
- He Constructed the Lohagarh fort.
- He attacked Delhi and brought 8 metal doors from Red Fort of Delhi and placed at Bharatpur Fort.
- Maharaja Jawahar Singh
- Maharaja Ratan Singh
- Maharaja Keshri Singh
- Maharaja Nawal Singh
Answer-1
Who built five astronomical observatories (Jantar Mantar) at Delhi, Mathura, Benares, Ujjain and Jaipur?
- Mirza Raja Sawai Ishwari Singh
- Mirza Raja Sawai Madho Singh I
- Mirza Raja Sawai Jai Singh II
- Mirza Raja Sawai Pratap Singh
Answer-c
Who erected the famous Temple of Gopinath Ji and conquered Fatehpur?
- Rao Nahar Singh
- Rao Chand Singh
- Rao Devi Singh
- Rao Shiv Singh
Answer-d
Consider the following statements and choose answer
- Built forts of Raghunathgarh and Deogarh.
- Golden rule in history of Sikar
- Rao Nahar Singh 2 Rao Chand Singh
- Rao Devi Singh 4 Rao Raja Laxman Singh
Answer-3
Who was the Agent to Governor General when Rajasthan was divided into 6 British Cantonments?
- Colonel Abbot 2 Mr. Locket
- George Patrick Lawrence 4. None of the Above
Answer-3
Match the followings:
Leaders of 1857 Revolt Place/Darbaar
- Rao Ramchandra a. Dholpur
- Mehrab Khan b. Tonk
- Thakur Kushal Singh c. Jodhpur
- Tarachan Patel d. Kota
- 1-a 2-b 3-c 4-d
- 1-a 2-d 3-c 4-b
- 1-b 2-c 3-d 4-a
- 1-c 2-a 3-b 4-d
Answer-b
City- Political Agent – Ruler of State during Revolt of 1857 in Rajasthan
- Bharatpur a. Mac Mason – Maharaja Thakat Singh
- Jaipur b. Burton – Maharao Ram Singh
- Jodhpur c.Morrison – Maharaja Jashwant Singh I
- Kota d. William Eden – Maharaja Ram Singh II
- Udaipur e.Captian Shawers- Maharana Swaroop Singh
- 1-a 2-b 3-c 4-d 5-e
- 1-c 2-b 3-a 4-e 5-d
- 1-c 2-d 3-a 4-b 5-e
- 1-b 2-c 3-d 4-e 5-a
Answer-c
Match The Following:
Newspaper Writer/Published By
a. Rajasthan Weekly A. Maharana Sajjan Singh (Udaipur)
b. Rajasthan Times B.Bakshi Lakshamandas (Ajmer)
c. Rajputana Herald C.Hanuman Singh (Ajmer)
d. Kirti Sudharak D. Rishidatt (Beawar)
1.1-A 2-B 3-C 4-D
2.1-D 2-B 3-C 4-A
3.1-C 2-A 3-D 4-B
4.1-B 2-C 3-A 4-D
Answer-2
Which of the following is matching incorrect?
Association Leader
- Charkha Sangh, Jaipur Jamnalal Bajaj
- Marwar Youth League Manmal Jain
- Banwasi Sangh Motilal Tejawat
- Bharatpur Congress Mandal Balwant singh
Answer-4
Vidya Pracharni Sabha and due this Sabha started a library, a school, and an Akhara. In which place it organise?
- Udaipur
- Jaipur
- Bijoliya
- Bundi
Answer-3
Consider the following statement and choose the right answer:
- This movement was organized at Matrakundiya parganas in Chittor in Udaipur.
- Mahrana Fateh Singh was the ruler.
- The farmers of the region organized this revolt against the excess land-revenue.
What is the name of this Revolt?
- Mev Farmers Movement, 1932-35
- Jat Farmers Movement, 1880
- Alwar Famers Movement, 1921
- Marwar Peasant Movement, 1923
Answer-b
Match the following:
- Farmer revolt in Sikar A. increased lagan from 25%to50%
- Katrathal Women Gathering B. ill-treatment of women-folk by Thakur of Siyot
- Jaisinghpura Massacre C. Ishwar Singh brother of Thakur of Dundhlot fired at Jat
Farmers cultivating the field
- Kundan Village Massacre D. the agreement was not honored; the farmers again resorted
To Movement
- 1-a 2-c 3-b 4-d
- 1-a 2-b 3-c 4-d
- 1-c 2-d 3-b 4-a
- 1-b 2-a 3-d 4-d
Answer-b
Bagdam, Nata- Dharicha, DIioI Danka and Kansa-parosa Is the name of?
- Cess on nature goods
- Goods transportation Cess
- Charged from peasants on the occasion of marriage and death feast.
- Irrigation Cess
- In addition of the land revenue a large number of Lag-Bags (cess) were also imposed upon the peasants.
Answer-3
Consider the following statements and choose the right answer:
- He was a social & religious reformer of the adivasis 2. He started Samp Sabha – an organization to unite the Bheels in 1883.
- His teachings awakened the Bhils and the Bhagat Movement was result of his teaching
- Balmukund Bissa 2 Nanak Bheel
- Govindgiri 4. Moti lal Tejawat
Answer-3
Identify the Personality to consider the following Features:
- Masheeha of tribals, Baavji
- He started Eki movement at Matrakundiya, Chittor against Mewar
- He Organised the Bhomat Movement
- Motilal Tejawat 2.Swami Kumaranand
- Balwant Singh Mehta 4.Harvilas Sharda
Answer-1