Polity and Administration of Rajasthan Complete Study Notes with Practice Questions for RPSC RAS/RTS Prelims and Mains Exam and other Competitive Exams of Rajasthan. Polity and Administration Rajasthan
Content:
- Political Background of Rajasthan
- Govt of India Acts
- Important term used in Polity
- Governor
- Chief Minister
- Council of Ministers
- State Legislature
- Election Commission
- High Court
- Rajasthan State Legal Service Authority
- Lok Adalats in Rajasthan
- Administration of Rajasthan
- Chief Secretary
- State Secretariat
- Directorates
- Administrative Setup
- Local Self Government in Rajasthan
- Panchayati Raj in Rajasthan
- Urban Local Government
- Important Constitutional, Statutory & Executive bodies
- Rajasthan Public Service Commission
- Advocate General of Rajasthan
- Inter-State Council
- Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission
- Rajasthan State Information Commission
- Lokayukta
- Rajasthan State Commission for Women
- Chief Minister’s Advisory Council
- Rajasthan Police
- Mewar Bhil Corps
- Miscellaneous
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The Human settlement record in Rajasthan state dates back to around 5000 years ago with sections of Rajasthan at the spirit of the Indus Valley Civilization. This area was earlier known as Gurjaratra, the area protected and ruled by the Gurjars. Later the name changed to Rajputana. Polity and Administration Rajasthan
George Thomas was the first in 1800, to term this region the Rajputana Agency. The historian John Keay in his book, India: A History stated that the Rajputana name was coined by the British but that the word achieved a retrospective authenticity: in an 1829 translation of Ferishta’s history of early Islamic India, John Briggs discarded the phrase “Indian princes”, as rendered in Dow’s earlier version, and substituted “Rajpoot princes”.
James Tod was the first one to use the name Rajasthan. He mentioned it in his book Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan or the Central and Western Rajpoot States of India, prior to that the land was called as Rajputana by the Britishers in 1800. The place was never untied so there is no defined boundary of Rajputana. As there were more Rajput kings, this leads to the name Rajputana. Polity and Administration Rajasthan
We actually do not have any other name of Rajasthan prior to Rajputana as first mentioned that they were never united and once the Britishers started ruling India they gave it a name Rajputana.
In ancient period west of western Rajasthan was called Maru. Central Rajasthan was Shakambhari, SE Rajasthan was under Malwa state and a whole it was in “Aryavarta“.
The unification of Rajasthan was completed in seven stages, and resulted in Rajasthan as we see it today.
The credit for the unification goes to the ‘Iron man of India’, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
What is unification?
The act, process, or result of bringing or coming together into or as if into a single unit or group unification of a divided state or nation.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is not only known for the unification of rajasthan but he united India by merging different princely states. He keeps forming unions, by luring the Princes of different states for the post of head of United States. Polity and Administration Rajasthan
The ruler of largest state was made the Head of State and then when a new state was merged with the union, the prince of that state was made the head.
To keep others in good gesture, new posts of Deputy
Head, and Prime Minister were also introduced.
Integration of Rajasthan
Seven Stages of formation of Rajasthan (1948-1956)
| S.No. | Name of Group | States | Date of Integration |
| 01. | Matsya Union | Alwar, Bharatpur, Dholpur, Karauli | 17-03-1948 |
| 02. | Rajasthan Union | Banswara, Bundi, Dungarpur, Jhalawar, Kishangarh, Kota, Pratapgarh, Shahpura, Tonk. | 25-03-1948 |
| 03. | United State of Rajasthan | Udaipur also joined with the other Union of Rajasthan. | 18-04-1948 |
| 04. | Greater Rajasthan | Bikaner, Jaipur, Jaisalmer & Jodhpur also joined with the United State of Rajasthan. | 30-03-1949 |
| 05. | United State of Greater Rajasthan | Matsya Union also merged in Greater Rajasthan | 15-05-1949 |
| 06. | United Rajasthan | 18 States of United Rajasthan merged with Princely State Sirohi except Abu and Delwara. | 26-01-1950 |
| 07. | Re-organised Rajasthan | Under the State Re-organisation Act, 1956 the erstwhile part ‘C’ State of Ajmer, Abu Road Taluka, former part of princely State Sirohi which was merged in former Bombay, State and Sunel Tappa region of the former Madhya Bharat merged with Rajasthan and Sironj subdistrict of Jhalawar district was transferred to Madhya Pradesh. | 01-11-1956 |
(1)17 March 1948: Formation of ‘Matsya Union’
The states of Alwar, Bharatpur, Dholpur and Karauli Joined to form the “Matsya Sangh” and Dholpur Ruler, Udaybhan Singh was chosen as the Union Head or Rajpramukh, along with Shobaram Kumawat from Alwar of Indian National Congress was the Prime Minister of the State from 18 March 1948 till 15 May 1949.
On 15 May 1949, the Matsya Union was merged with Greater Rajasthan to form the United State of Greater Rajasthan, which later became the state of Rajasthan on 26 January 1950. Polity and Administration Rajasthan
(2) 25 March 1948: Constituting of Rajasthan Union
Separate from Matsya Sangh, the states of Banswara, Bundi, Dungarpur, Jhalawar, Kota, Tonk, Pratapgarh, Kishangarh and Shahpura Joined to from another union known as Rajasthan Union.
Bhim Singh of Kota was chosen as the Head of the state, Kota being the largest of the unified states. Bhadursingh of Bundi was appointed as the Deputy Head.
(3) 18 April 1948: United States of Rajasthan
Subsequently the Udaipur state (Mewar) also got united in Rajasthan union on April 18, 1948. The name was then changed to United Rajasthan. The State of Udaipur was also made to join the union, by Sardar Patel, by giving the perks of the Head of State of new union and Udaipur was also made the capital of Union. Polity and Administration Rajasthan
Three days after inauguration of Rajasthan Union, the Maharana of Udaipur decided to join this Union which was accepted. The Maharana of Udaipur was appointed as Rajpramukh and the Kota Naresh was appointed as Up- Rajpramukh of this Union and the Cabinet was formed under the leadership of Shri Manikya Lal Verma. This United States of Rajasthan was inaugurated by Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru on 18 April, 1948.
(4) 30 March 1949: Greater Rajasthan
The formation of the United States of Rajasthan paved the way for the merger of big states like Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Jaipur and Jodhpur with the Union and formation of Greater Rajasthan. It was formally inaugurated on 30 March, 1949 by Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel. The Maharana Bhupal Singh of Udaipur was appointed as the Maha-Rajpramukh and the Kota Naresh was appointed as the Up- Rajpramukh and the Cabinet was formed under the leadership of Shri Hira Lala Shastri. Polity and Administration Rajasthan
It was the most important step in Unification process, and that is why 30 March is also celebrated as the Rajasthan Day.
(5)15 May 1949: United States of Greater Rajasthan
On 15 May, 1949 Finally Matsya Union was merged with Greater Rajasthan. The post of Prime minister was discontinued and a Chief Minister office was constituted. Hiralal Shastri became the first Chief Minister of Rajasthan.
(6) 26 January 1950: United Rajasthan
18 states of United Rajasthan & princely state of Sirohi got merged with exception of Abu & Delwara. It was completed by 26 Jan 1950.
Sirohi was the last princely state to be merged into the union, and United Rajasthan came into being. The name of Rajasthan was given duly to the union.
(7) State Re-organization Act (1956)
This stage completed the integration, formation and reorganization of state of Rajasthan and took place because of State Re-organization Act of 1956. Under this, the erstwhile part ‘C’ State of Ajmer, Abu Road Taluka, former part of princely State Sirohi which was merged in former Bombay State and Sunel Tappa region of the former Madhya Bharat merged with Rajasthan and Sironj subdistrict of Jhalawar district was transferred to Madhya Pradesh. The process got completed on 1 November 1956 and Mohanlal Sukhadia became Chief Minister and Gurumukh Nihal Singh became Governor.
Some facts related to Unification Process of Rajasthan:
- The ruler of Jodhpur, Hanwant Singh, wanted to join the Union of Pakistan but due to the efforts of Patel and V.P. Menon, finally agreed to accede to India.
- Banswara State Maharawal, Chandra veer Singh, while signing the accession documents, commented, “I am signing on my death warrant“.
- Jodhpur was the largest state while Shahpura was the smallest in terms of area.
- Tonk was the only state under Muslim Ruler, while Bharatpur and Dholpur were under Jat Rajas, remaining was under Rajputs. Polity and Administration Rajasthan