The Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID 2020)

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Current Affairs Yearbook 2020 for UPSC PSC Exams

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The Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID 2020)

Context: The Global Report on Internal Displacement (GRID 2020) has been released by the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC). The centre is a part of the Norwegian Refugee Council.

Key findings:

Displacements in India:

  • Nearly five million people were displaced in India in 2019 — the highest in the world so far.
  • The displacements in India were prompted by increased hazard intensity, high population and social and economic vulnerability.
  • More than 2.6 million people suffered displacement due to the southwest monsoon. 2019 was the seventh warmest year since 1901 in India; its monsoon was the wettest in 25 years.
  • Eight tropical storms hit in the year fuelling further destruction. These include Maha and Bulbul.
  • In addition to displacement due to natural disasters, over 19,000 conflicts and violence also prompted the phenomenon.
  • Unrests and communal violence triggered displacement in the second half of the year. For example, political and electoral violence, especially in Tripura and West Bengal, led to the displacement of more than 7,600 people.

Global scenario:

  1. Globally, around 4 million people faced new internal displacements because of conflicts and disasters in about 145 countries in 2019.
  2. Nearly three-quarters of the global displacements, accounting for 24.9 million of the total, were triggered by disasters in 2019. Out of these, about 95 per cent took place due to weather hazards like storms and floods.
  3. A majority of conflict displacements took place due to armed conflict; communal violence accounted for significant portion of the global total of 8.5 million displacements.
  4. Disaster displacement was recorded in low and high-income countries
  5. Most of the disaster displacements were triggered by tropical storms and monsoon rains in South Asia and East Asia and Pacific.
  6. Bangladesh, China, India and the Philippines each recorded more than four million displacements in 2019.
  7. Conflict continued unabated in countries such as Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Syria. Violence increased sharply in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger.
  8. Natural disasters in Nigeria, South Sudan and Yemen forced many people, already displaced by conflict, to flee for the second time.

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