Important Constitutional, Statutory & Executive bodies
Bodies in India are of multiple types, however in general day-to-day articles and news we come across three major types of bodies:
- Constitutional Bodies
- Statutory Bodies
- Executive Bodies
Constitutional Bodies: These bodies derive their Authority from Constitution of India.
They are mentioned specifically in Constitution of India and cannot be Destroyed/Changed without change in Constitution. Hence, Changes in them require Constitutional amendment. They have dedicated articles in Constitution w.r.t them and consequently they are most important bodies like CAG (Article 148), UPSC (Artcile315-323), Finance Commission, Election Commission etc.
Statutory Bodies: They are also referred to as Non-Constitutional bodies as they do not find specific mention in the Constitution of India. However, they are also very relevant and have been created by passing an ACT of Parliament. By RTI act Provisions –Information Commission etc or National Human Right Commission based on Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.
Executive Bodies: These bodies also come under Non-Constitutional bodies, as they also do not find any mention in the Constitution of India.
Further they are also referred to as Non-Statutory bodies as these bodies have been specifically formed by Government decision, without passing any act of Parliament.
Example Now dissolved- Planning Commission of India.
One should understand that difference between: Constitutional/ Statutory/ Executive are based source of their origin i.e. Constitution/ Act of Parliament/ Government Order respectively.
Now you may also come across terms like judicial/ Quasi-judicial bodies. They are parameters that define nature and function of bodies.
Judicial bodies: Main aim is justice and for that it relies on specific rules or the law of the land (Constitution), Follows specific process and needs advocates etc. everyone/Citizen Can go for all the problems. It is composed of judges only.
Example- Courts in India
Quasi-judicial bodies: Their Aim is also justice but their field is limited. They include not only judges but experts from the specific field also member of these bodies. You can go them if the matter is from their field only and they do-not have specific rules example you do not need advocate/lawyer and can personally appeal to them.
Example: human right commission to look after human right violations, Other example is Finance Commission; a constitutional body is also quasi-judicial body in matters related to summoning & enforcing attendance and requisitioning any public record from any court of office.
Important Bodies in Rajasthan
State Constitutional Bodies:
- State Public Service Commission: RPSC
- Advocate General of Rajasthan (State)
State Statutory Bodies:
- Rajasthan State Human Rights Commission
- Rajasthan State Information Commission
- Lokayukta
- Rajasthan State Commission for Women